Real Estate in Outer Space is in a lot of demand and considering that Space debris is only making things chaotic for the men behind the space missions and control stations, its only naturally that a great deal of research went into trying to ease the pressure on Galactic Real Estate.
Several international debris mitigation guidelines and policies have failed to mitigate the problem of space debris. The ill effects of space debris can be understood as a matter of fact from the event that happened in 2009; out-of-service Russian satellite Cosmos 2251 collided with the functional Iridium 33 satellite. Both satellites were destroyed and fell in over 2,000 potentially lethal pieces to Earth. Satellite debris is increasingly making the life of Space Scientist horrible. Now not only do they have to pray for the perfect launch, they might have to also include “No Collision with debris” in their annual “wish” list!
A report from EurekAlert indicates that Global Aerospace Corporation (GAC) had announced that the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) is publishing an article entitled “Removing Orbital Debris With Less Risk” in the March/April edition of the Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets (JSR) authored by Kerry Nock and Dr. Kim Aaron, of GAC, and Dr. Darren McKnight, of Integrity Applications Incorporated, Chantilly, VA.
The article compares in-orbit debris removal options regarding their potential risk of creating new orbital debris or disabling working satellites during deorbit operation using Deorbit devices i.e. devices that can use large structures that interact with the Earth’s atmospheric, magnetic field or its solar environment to deorbit large objects more rapidly than natural decay.
One proposed method utilizes electromagnetic tethers that draw down satellite debris; the EM Tethers use a power supply to create a flow of electrons within and interacts with Earth’s magnetic field to draw the satellite slowly down to Earth. Unfortunately the EM tethers work slowly and have a large cross-section which increases the risk of interrupting other satellites in the environment near the defunct one. The next option is a mechanical contraption a.k.a inflatable attachment that increases the drag on the satellite and slows its orbit, effectively making it spiral towards earth.
The authors of the paper also propose ultrathin envelope spheres. The spheres don’t require a lot of power unlike an EM tether, but it would take only a matter of months to draw the satellite down to Earth. The spheres also work quickly, greatly reducing the risk of collisions despite the temporary added girth.
So whats the verdict? The graph says it all!
Credit: Global Aerospace Corporation
This graph displays the area-time product summary comparison of the several deorbit devices evaluated for their risk. High-energy collisions can create significant amounts of new and dangerous orbit debris and low-energy collisions, while not generating significant new debris, can disable operating satellites. Area-time product, measured in square meters per year, is the product of collision cross-section area multiplied by the time for the object to reentry the atmosphere.
Hopefully Space debris problem wouldn’t spiral out of control.
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Over the last week many could observe their Facebook feed turned red… It was a result of a very effective viral push, kicked off by the Human Rights Campaign, to show support for gay marriage as two high-profile cases started at the US Supreme Court. In order to support the campaign users had to simply change their usual profile photo for a sign designed by the Human Rights Campaign. The effect was unexpected… and Facebook has crunched some numbers to give you the overview of what happened.
Facebook says that on March 26th, roughly 2.7 million more people updated their profile photo compared with the week prior — an increase of 120 percent. That means a total of about four million users out of an estimated 160 to 180 million users in the US changed their profile pictures last Tuesday. That’s quite a number… but now the most interesting thing… how are these people spatially distributed? Are there any patterns?
So which counties saw the largest increases in profile photo changes? Facebook commented:
Much to our surprise, we found that Washtenaw County — home of Ann Arbor, Michigan and the University of Michigan, this author’s alma mater, topped the list. Our model estimated that approximately 6.2% of Facebook users who logged in from this county changed their profile photos in response to the campaign. Washtenaw County is not alone. Many of the top 25 counties that showed the greatest support for HRC’s campaign were home to college towns, including Orange (University of North Carolina), Durham (Duke University), Monroe (Indiana University), Johnson (University of Iowa), Athens (Ohio University), Dane (University of Wisconsin), Boulder (University of Colorado), and Travis (University of Texas at Austin).
But people changing their profile pictures weren’t just in college towns. San Francisco County, San Mateo County (home of many tech companies), and Washington, D.C. also ranked highly. Surprisingly many large cities like Los Angeles, Chicago, and New York City, showed only modest increases (2.4-2.9%) in support. Facebook also broke down results by age, according to Eytan Bakshy from FB’s data science team: “Those closest to 30 years old showed the greatest increase in updating,” he said, estimating that around 3.5 percent of 30-year-olds updated their profiles in direct response to the same-sex campaign.
source: Facebook
