In 2005, Google launched an ambitious project to map the world. Today, more than a billion people use Google Maps every month. And every week, more than 5 million active apps and websites leverage the core products of Google Maps Platform.

People rely on Google Maps and Google Maps Platform to not just get from point A to B, but to run businesses, to order food, to hail a cab, or to even provide SOS alerts during emergencies. With so many critical applications depending on Google Maps for accuracy and seamlessness, wondering how frequently does Google update its Maps data is quite reasonable.

Well, the basic thing to understand is that there are two key components to mapmaking: data and imagery.

Data: this app uses data from more than 1,000 authoritative sources around the world. Think United States Geological Survey (USGS), Mexico’s National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI), local municipalities, housing developers, etc.

Imagery: The imagery comes from broadly two sources – aerial images captured by airplanes and earth-observing satellites, and street-level data obtained by Google’s own Street View project. Overhead imagery gives Google details of roads and buildings, while street-level imagery provides road names, road signs, building numbers, and business names.

To manage the vast amounts of incoming data, machine learning libraries and frameworks are used. By using machine learning-based approaches, Google is now able to map as many buildings in one year as it previously used to map in 10 years! In Lagos, Nigeria alone, machine learning has helped Google add 20,000 street names, 50,000 addresses, and 100,000 new businesses.

Improved coverage of buildings (pink) and points of interest (green) in Lagos, Nigeria from 2012 to 2018

Also see: How Google Maps is using machine learning to ease our parking woes

Then again, data and imagery are static. Google Maps imagery, especially, can be anywhere from 1 to 3 years old (even older, in some cases). And these components alone do not always give users the context they need about a specific place on the map.

This is where real people enter the picture. Google’s passionate community of Local Guides, active Google Maps users, or even the business owners that use Google My Business services, are continually providing new information.

Though any new piece of information is updated only after ensuring a high degree of confidence in its accuracy, Google Maps receives more than 20 million inputs from its users every day. That’s more than 200 contributions every second about things like road closures, local store details, the opening of a new business, etc.

This means, in essence, Google Maps is updated constantly – literally, every second of every day!

Today, this platform contain information, ratings, and reviews of about 200 million places around the world. But what happens when a building does not have a traditional address. After all, the World Bank estimates that half of the world’s urban population lives on an unnamed street.

For this, Google Maps and Google Maps Platform support Plus Codes.

A Plus Code is an address based on the latitude and longitude coordinates of a location. Each code is 10 characters long and consists of two parts: an area code (roughly 100 x 100 kilometers) and a local code (about 14 x 14 meters). The code can also be combined with a locality. For example, in Plus Code parlance, Google’s HQ can be described as either “849VCWC8+R9” or “CWC8+R9 Mountain View”.

The biggest advantage of Plus Codes is that unlike other alternate addressing systems available today, they are open-source and free-to-use. There are no licensing fees or other costs. Read more about Plus Codes here.

When Google Maps turned 15 on February 8, 2020, Senior VP Jen Fitzpatrick acknowledged what a gargantuan, never-ending task it is to create a truly helpful map.

“It requires building and curating an understanding of everything there is to know about the physical world, and then bringing that information to people in a way that helps you navigate, explore and get things done in your world. The real world is infinitely detailed and always changing, so our work of reflecting it back to you is never done.”

Now read: Google Maps vs. Apple Maps: Report card of a year-long comparison

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